Combined crushing, pulverizing, and separating machine



5 June 23, 1925.

E DENIS ET AL COMBINED CRUSHING, PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING MACHINEFued Jan. 16, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheat 1 1/ 9 directions and speeds being Beit known that we, EMILE Patented June 23, 1925. x

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMILE DENIS, OF BILLANCOURT, AND FREDERTCK HIPPERT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

GQINIIBIIINED CBUSHING, .PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING MACHINE.

Application filed January 16, 1924. Serial- No. 686,642.

To all whom itmay concern: i

Dams and FREDERICK Hlrrnnr, citizens of the Republic of France, andresidents of Billancourt',

France, and Paris, France, respectively, have inventfi certain new anduseful Improvements in Combined Crushing, Pulverizing, and SeparatingMachines, of which the following is a specification;-

The present invention has reference to a combined crushing, pulverizingand separating machine, that is to say to a machine comprising incombinationa crushing mill of any approved ty adapted for finelypulverizing the materials submitted to treatment and a separatingdevicemaking it possible to automatically separate the sufficiently fineparticles of the still vunsuficiently crushed portions of the materialsundergoing the treatment above referred to, the said separation beingoperated by the meeting of two draughts having different directions andvariable speeds, the said regulatable at will. v

The improved combined crusher, pulverizer and separator according to theinvention is especially designed for pulverizing solid materials eitherfor. producing impalpab-le powders such as are required in numerousindustries or else for producing pulverized coal'orother carbonaceoussub stances;

A primary object of-the invention is the provision of a combinedcrushing, pulverizing and separating machine wherein the whole of thepulverized materials are expelled-by centrifugal power through'an outletpositioned in the neighbourhood of the circumference described by thecrushingmembers arranged at the periphery of the machine,

A further object of the invention is the provision of a combinedcrushing, pulverizing and separating machine wherein the separation ofthe pulverized materials'is performed outside the crusher proper by themeeting of two independent drauglits of regulatable directions andspeeds.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a combinedcrushin pulverizing and separatin machine -w erein the regulation of theeness of the pulverized materials is'performed during the operation ofthe crusher.

According to one important feature of the invention, the whole of theulverizedl materials are carried away an expelled out of the crusher bymeans of a draught. This draught may be produced in a plurality of ways.Thus for instanceit may be 1 produced by 'the'rotation of the movablecrusher members. It may also, be produced by a series of blades forminga turbine or fan, such blades being fixedly secured tp the retor of thecrusher or to a shaft independent of the crusher shaft. It might also beproduced by any approved ventilating device. The draught thus obtainedand which, for the sake of clearness, will throughout this descriptionbe referred to as the primary draught carries in suspension a mixture ofcrushed materials containing particles of different sizes. This mixtureis led through a s cially-shaped nozzle into a separator whi is soconstructed as to discharge on the one side the sufficiently finelydivided materials whilst expelling back to the crusher theinsufficiently pul-' verized portions of the materials under treatmentAccording another important feature of the invention, the separation ofthe pulverized materials, according to their size, 1s performed by themeeting of the said primary draught with a secondary draught whosespeed, intensity and direction are adjustable and which is produced bythe drawing-in or driving-out action of a fan or [other ventilatingdevice adapted particles b means of an appropriate device. constitutedfor example by a. movable shutter.

With the above objects in view and such others as will incidentallyappear hereinafter, the invention comprises the novel for producing suchdraught which, for

construction, combination and arrangement 7 ing drawings and will bespecifically emphasized in the appended claims.

' In these drawings. is shown apreferred embodiment of the invention,the crusher artsthat will now be described more in etail with referenceto the accompanyutilized in this machine being of the wellknownpercussion type.

Figure lis a vertical section on the line y-y, Fig. 2 of the wholemachine comprising the combined crusher, pulverizer and separator.

Figure 2 is a vertical section on the liner a:w, Fig. 1 showing thecavity for receivini the pulverized materials.

'gures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are vertical sections on a larger scale of aperipheral portion of the crusher showing several embodiments of thedevice for discharging the pulverized materials in the neighbourhood ofthe circumference described by the ends of the hammers. 4

Figures 7, .8, 9 and 16 are vertical sections on a larger scale showingseveral embodiments of the separator wherein two draughts are used,thereby enhancing its efliciency and lesseningits volume.

Similar reference numerals designate similar parts throughout the saidfigures.

The sifting crown of the percussion i crusher 1 selected by way ofexample in this machine is replaced by a non-perforated crown 2 flutedlongitudinally at 2 on its inner surface and/or provided with eritiesintended for increasing the stren g t h of the percussions. This crown 2has arranged rearwardly thereof an annular concentric opening 3 whoseinner diameter is slightly less than the inner diameter of the flutings2. Behind the said opening 3 is formed a cavity 4 adapted for collectingand directing the mixture of air and pulverized materials which has justbeen expelled from the crusher whilst either maintaining the speed of,said mixture or modifying same.

The cavity 4 may, as in the embodiment illustrated,afiord the shape of afan shell (see Fig. 2) or else it may also be constituted merely b atube.

Severa embodiments of the opening 3 through which the cavity &communicates with the crusherare represented in Figures 3 to 6inclusive.

I In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the inner diameter'of thisopening 3 is slightly less than the inner diameter of the crown ofhammers a.

In the embodimentshown in Figure 4, the

' inner diameter of the opening 3 is comprised between the innerdiameter and the outer d1ameter of the crown of hammers a; In theembodiment shown in Fi res 5' and 6, the inner diameter of the opemng 3is comprised between the outer diameter of the crown of hammers a andthe inner diameter of the flutings 2.

Referringhto Figures 3, 4 and 5 the circulation of t e mixture throughthe cavity 4 (having the shape of a fan shell as shown in Fi re 2 isaccelerated by a fan turbine having bla as 15.

verized materials contained in suspension 1n the air travels through ahorn-shaped duct 5 (see Figs. 1 and 2) whose open end or nozzle 5 isgreatlyreduced in thickness, i.

e. throttled thereby to produce one or several layers of the saidmixture. The said nozzle 5 opens in the upper part of a chamber 6positioned in the path of travel of the whole or part-of the primarydraught produced by a fan V. In the embodiment illustrated the shaft 39on which this fan revolves is mounted upon the shaft 0 of the rotor ofthe crusher. However it must be understood that the said two shaftsmight equally well be relatively positioned in an other suitable way andmight rotate at di ferent speeds.

The inner arrangement of the chamber 6 may afiord the variousconfigurations as ilmounted upon a spindle 10 so. as to allow of 'thenecessary adjustment of the size and position of the opening 11establishing communication between the said chamber 6 and the duct 13leading to the fan V which draws the sufliciently finely dividedmaterials, the

residual materials being discharged along a suitable chute furnishedwith a shutter 16 or by any other means permitting to collect suchresidual materials or to send them back automatically to the hopper Afeeding the crusher.

A sliding shutter 18 to an opemng 12 forme in the wall of the duct 13also allows of the required variations in the speed of the mixturethrough the o ning 11. 1

Re erence being now had to Figure 8, the open end or nozzle 5 of theduct 5 opens horizontally in the inside of the chamber 6 whereby thematerials are imparted adirection d, a s eed '2; and an intensity 5 asindicated by t e arrows. In this embodiment, the spindle 10 about whichpivots the shutter 9 is positioned at the top part of the chamber 6. Theopening 12 is positioned-at the top part of the machine such openingoccu ies the whole width of the chamber 6 and 1s masked either by asliding shutter 18 (positioned opposite or by a shutter pivotallymounted upon a spindle. Within the chamber 6 are posi-j tionedpartitions 19 which direct the air and the materials. s

in the embodimentshown in Figure 9, the

7 position of the partitions d9 has been some what modified so as tocause the materials to be separated by the secondary draught to, meetseveral times. r

lnthe embodiment shown in Figure 5, the duct 5 is divided into twoflattehed sections 5 and 5 positioned horizontally in superimposedrelation. The arrangement of the partitions 19 is the same as in Figure9;

It will be understood that, by the arrangements shown in Figures 7 to 10inclusive or by like arrangements, it is pbssible by modifying theopenings through properly adjusting the controlling shutter 9 and theshutters 18 to readily regulate the speed, the

direction and the intensity of the two draughts and consequently thefineness of the materials drawn in by the fan V. The

- relative position of the several members of theseparator permits tosend back the residual materials directly to the. chute A leading to thecrusher (see Fig. 1).

Further, according to another feature of the invention, the structure ofthe crusher is so designed as to insulate the bearings of the operatingshaft from return movement of the pulverized materials towards the shaftand therefore any interference thereof withJthe bearing and ballbearings. Baflle-plates 26, 27, 28 also assist in this protective actionof the channels 25*. The end bearing 29 is also provided with sixchannels 30 and baflles.

When the materials to be treated, for instance carbonaceous materials,are already in a finely divided form including a substan tial proportionof ow'dered particles havmg a fineness equa to the one which it isdesired to obtain by pulverizing, it is useless to treat these materialsin a crusher, it 7 being suficient to drive them through the ttersPatent 1s:- V

J 1. A device of the character described, in-

duct 5wby means, of any approved refluxing appliance.

v The operation of the machine is as followsz-lhe material to bepulverized having been distributed by an oscillating or other devicedrops, after having passed over a magnetic separator S of hown type, infi'ont of the shaft of the disc 1 which carries no or several series ofshort concentric m ers c and a series of long peripheral hammersa. Thematerial is thus crushed v between the said hammers a and the.stationary crown h, and then pulverized between,"

' charge passageway for the crushe the hammers a and the outer crown 2.The disc 1 carrying the hammers by rotating produces a ventilationthereby drawin in together with the material to be pulverized a certainamount of air which, only being permitted topass out at the rear part ofthe machine, flows through the latter while car-- rying away the crushddmaterial. 1

The speed of such draught is increased by the shape of the rear cavity 4and,if desired, by the blades 15 which drive it through the duct 5 tothe chamber 6. The

shape of the said cavity 4 is so designed as to direct the said draughtto the duct'5.

When reaching the throttled end 5 of the said duct, the material insuspension in the said primary draught has a speed '0 "anda direction (Zwhich is imparted thereto by the flattened shape of the said end ornozzle 5. The material then receives the impact of the secondary draughtfrom the sucking fan V which draught has a speed '0', a direction (1'and an intensity a" which have been regulated by properly adjusting theshutters 9 and 18. it will be, understood that, by prop.-

erly adjusting'the respective values of 'v, 0

and 'v, d and i the resulting draught will be made1 to follobw sililch adirecticilin as accurate ass t e oorres on e e of the s uiiter 9 wherebyall the thinni articles of the material will be entrained y thesecondary draught'without contacting with the said shutter'9 whereas allthe thicker and heavier portions of same willstrikedsuch shutter and bedeflected thereby so as to drop into the chamber 6. Thus it is Y What weclaim and desire to secure by eluding in combination, a crusher shaft,crusher means associated with said shaft, a hopper adapted to axiallfeed material to be crushed to said 0 er means, a discharge passagewayadapted toreceive crushed material, a fan concentric with said crushershaft, an air duct supplyin air to said fan, said duct interceptin t edismaterial. 2. A device of the character described, in-

cluding in combination a crusher-shaft,

crusher means assdciated with said shaft, a

its

new,

hopper adapted to feed material tobe 7 crusher shaft and adapted toreceive crushed material, said passageway leading from the riphery ofsaid crusher means and havmg a throttled upper end, a sucking fanconcentric with said crusher shaft, avertical and terminally curved airduct leading down to said fan, regulatable shutters adapted to suitablymask air inlet openings formed in the curved portion of said duct, thelatter intercepting the discharge of the crushed material through thethrottled end of said passageway and causing the thinner particles ofsaid material to be sucked by said fan and thereby separated out.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this s 'ecification.

E E DENIS. FREDERICK HIPPERT.

